Biological Insect Repellent, Antifeedant and Growth Regulator

Product Information AZA-Direct™ is an all-natural azadirachtin-based insecticide derived from the Neem tree (Azadirachta indica). The product contains 12,000 ppm azadirachtin (active ingredient) along with a host of standardized limonoids that act to enhance azadirachtin’s biological activity. AZA-Direct controls pests on contact or by ingestion. Its primary mode of action is as an insect growth regulator which inhibits molting and the development of immature insects into healthy adults. Additionally, AZA-Direct is an effective repellant and antifeedant thereby affecting both immature and adult insect pests. AZA-Direct provides broad spectrum control of important insect pests but is safe on beneficials. AZA-Direct effectively controls caterpillars, beetles, aphids, whiteflies, leafhoppers, leafminer fly, thrips, flies, mealy bugs, scale insects and mites. AZA-Direct can be used alone or when used in conjunction with conventional insecticides can enhance overall control. AZA-Direct is an organically accepted product and can be used in conventional pest control programs as well. With its unique mode of action, AZA-Direct is an excellent resistance management tool that can be effectively used in any IPM program to suppress insecticide resistance. AZA-Direct is an OMRI listed product in the USA. The product composition is also certified by IMO-Switzerland, RIOA-Switzerland as part of its overseas organic certification efforts. AZA-Direct technical manufacturing process has been verified through off farm verification guidelines of EC 2092/91.

Chemical Properties  Trade Name: Chemical family: Active Ingredients: Chemical Structure: AZA-Direct Tetranortriterpenoids Azadirachtin A C35H44O16 Azadirachtin B C33H42O16

Physical Properties  Appearance: Brown viscous liquid  Odor Characteristic: Garlic like odor  Molecular weight: 720 and 662  PH: 7.0+0.02  Specific gravity: 0.98  Flash point: > 150 C  Solubility in water: Fully emulsifiable

Toxicological Properties  Species  Study AZA-Direct 1.2 EC AZA-Direct Technical  Rat Acute oral LD 50 >5000 mg/kg >5000 mg/kg Acute dermal LD 50 >5000 mg/kg >2000 mg/kg Acute inhalation LC 50 >5.4 mg/liter >0.72 mg/liter  Rabbit Skin irritation Mild irritation No irritation Eye irritation No irritation Mild irritation  Guinea Pig Skin sensitization No sensitization Sensitization AZA-Direct Technical is non carcinogenic and non mutagenic.

Ecotoxicological properties  Effect on Honey Bees: Harmless and safe  Effect on Earthworms:  >1000 mg/kg-harmless  Effect on Predators: Highly safe  Effect on Parasitoids:  Highly safe  Hazard to Microflora:  Non hazardous  Hazard to Planktons:  Daphnia (NOEC 197.5 mg/liter)  Effect on Rainbow Trout: 440 mg/liter(24 hours)  Metabolism in water:  Rapid degradation  Algal Inhibition:  Non inhibitive /Non stimulative

Crop Safety AZA-Direct is safe to crops when used in accordance with label recommendations.

Compatibility AZA-Direct is compatible with most pesticides and fertilizers. However, a compatibility test is recommended before using in a tank mix with other pesticides. Alkaline products may cause problems. AZA-Direct should not be mixed with Bordeux Mixture.

Environmental Safety AZA-Direct degrades in water and soil. Do not apply directly to water.

Regulatory Information EPA Registration Number: 71908-1-10163 EPA Est. Number: 67545-AZ-1 TSCA: Not regulated CERCLA: Not listed SARA Title: 311/312 Hazard categories: Not listed 313 Reportable ingredients: None listed

General Precautions Always read and follow label directions. Causes mild skin irritation. Wash thoroughly with soap and do not apply directly to water. Consult MSDS or product label for more information.

Statement of First Aid If In Eyes: Flush with clean water. Consult physician if irritation persists. If on Skin: Wash with soap and water. If Swallowed: Consult Physician or poison center.

Registrations AZA-Direct is registered in more than 10 countries and please consult local authorities for crop/pest spectrum for using the product.

Notice The information and recommendations contained herein are provided in good faith and are based on data believed to be correct. However, no guarantee or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied is made with respect to the information contained herein. Always read and follow label instructions. Gowan Company PO Box 5569 Yuma, AZ 85364